MICHAEL HARTE

Michael is an established Chief Operating Officer, leading change, transformation and growth. Previously at Santander (May 2020), Barclays (2014-18) and CBA (2006-13). As operations and technology lead his focus is on Customer Interactions, Data, and Channels, Operational Resilience, Cyber Security, along with innovation from strategic investment and partnerships with big tech and early stage / start-ups, universities, government agencies across Europe and around the world. He has held various technology / CIO leadership roles at PNC, Citi and Fonterra. Michael received an MSc in Systems Management from New York University and also serves as a board director / advisory board member for several venture and private technology funds, providing expertise on areas such as Identity, privacy, AI, core, edge and cloud computing.

 

Hart published in 1975 a detailed examination of the Fermi paradox: the contrast between the extreme likelihood of extraterrestrial life somewhere in the universe and the total absence of any evidence for this. Hart's work has since become a theoretical reference point for much of the research into what is now sometimes known as the Fermi-Hart paradox.

Concerning Hart's contributions to the study of the paradox, Geoffrey A. Landis writes: "A more proper name for [the paradox] would be the Fermi-Hart paradox, since while Fermi is credited with first asking the question, Hart was the first to do a rigorous analysis showing that the problem is not trivial, and also the first to publish his results". Robert H. Gray views Hart as the proper originator of this argument, in Hart's 1975 paper. Gray argues that the term Fermi paradox is a misnomer; that it is not the work of Fermi, nor is it an actual paradox (rather an argument).

He therefore proposes that, instead of the (standard, but in his view incorrect) name Fermi paradox, it should be known as the Hart-Tipler argument – acknowledging Hart's priority as the argument's originator, but also acknowledging Frank J. Tipler's substantial extension of Hart's arguments in his 1980 paper Extraterrestrial intelligent beings do not exist.

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